Cervical cancer is the fourth most common gynecologic cancer worldwide and the second most common cancer during pregnancy. Globally, there are high incidence and mortality rates with this cancer, especially in developing countries. The incidence and death rate is not as high...
Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding is reported by 90% of patients with a diagnosis of endometrial cancer. Risk factors for endometrial cancer include obesity, increasing age, type 2 diabetes, use of unopposed estrogen, polycystic ovary syndrome, chronic anovulation, and family...
Ovarian cancer, although ranking lower in overall incidence among cancers in the United States, is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, with a 5-year survival rate of 50.9% despite advances in therapies. Two of the largest challenges in management are the lack of effective...
Vulvar cancer is one of the rarer gynecologic cancers. Previously, it was thought to affect only postmenopausal women, but a recent epidemiologic review reveals that younger premenopausal females are being affected at higher rates because of human papillomavirus infection....
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