• Articles

    Managing Menopausal Symptoms: Common Questions and Answers

    Jennifer G. Chang, Meghan N. Lewis, Maggie C. Wertz

    Menopause can cause bothersome vasomotor and genitourinary symptoms, including hot f lashes and vulvovaginal dryness. Treatment includes hormonal and non-hormonal options. The choice of formulation depends on patient preference and consideration of individual risks and benefits.

    Childhood Eye Examination in Primary Care

    Alexis Reedy-Cooper, Christina Scartozzi, Theresa Yurkonis

    Routine eye examinations during childhood can identify abnormalities necessitating referral to ophthalmology. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends vision screening at least once in children three to five years of age.

    Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis: Rapid Evidence Review

    Kathryn E. Oppenlander, Ariel A. Chung, Dylan Clabaugh

    Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common viral cause of bronchiolitis, which presents as fever and upper respiratory tract symptoms, often progressing to include lower respiratory tract symptoms. RSV bronchiolitis is usually self-limited, and treatment is...

    Fatigue in Adults: Evaluation and Management

    Kelly M. Latimer, Althea Gunther, Michael Kopec

    Fatigue is among the top 10 reasons patients visit primary care offices and it significantly affects patients' well-being and occupational safety. Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic, severe, and potentially debilitating disorder.

    Ischemic Stroke Management: Posthospitalization and Transition of Care

    Scott T. Larson, Brigit E. Ray, Jason Wilbur

    After hospitalization, family physicians have a key role in follow-up, ensuring that a complete diagnostic evaluation has been performed, addressing modifiable risk factors, facilitating rehabilitation, and managing chronic sequelae.

    Mpox: Rapid Evidence Review

    Aaron Saguil, Lindy Krebs, Ulyee Choe

    Mpox is a DNA virus of the Orthopoxvirus genus, similar to smallpox. More than 30,000 cases have been reported in the United States; 98% of cases globally are in men who have sex with men. Transmission is primarily through contact with skin lesions.

    Inside AFP

    The 2023 AFP Photo Contest Winners!

    Sumi Sexton, Matthew Neff

    The American Family Physician (AFP) photo competition encourages students and residents to share their stories through photographs about how they use the AFP journal.

    Editorials

    Five New Ways to Advance Diagnostic Safety in Your Clinical Practice

    Andrea Bradford, Christine Goeschel, Marjorie Shofer, Hardeep Singh

    Each year, an estimated one in 20 outpatients will experience a diagnostic error. However, research has led to the development of measurement and prevention strategies.

    Improving Communication and Support in Cancer Care

    Elisabeth Kuper

    Instead of focusing on all the details of treatment and prognosis, it is better to prepare patients for the upcoming mental and physical challenges. Patients also benefit from an overview of the timing and types of appointments to come.

    AFP Clinical Answers

    Glaucoma, H. pylori, PTSD, Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, PCOS, Foot Orthoses

    Key clinical questions and their evidence-based answers directly from the journal’s content, written by and for family physicians.

    Medicine by the Numbers

    Nebulized Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Bronchiolitis

    Andrew D. Francis, Tyler S. Rogers

    The existing low-certainty data suggest that the benefits of nebulized hypertonic saline administration for the treatment of bronchiolitis outweigh the potential harms.

    Cochrane for Clinicians

    Guiding Prescription of Antibiotics in People With Acute Respiratory Infections: Biomarkers as Point-of-Care Tests

    William D. Nettleton, Faith R. Thornton

    C-reactive protein point-of-care tests can reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing without delaying clinical recovery when used to inform treatment decisions for acute respiratory infections in primary care.

    Urinary Incontinence in Women: Conservative Interventions for Treatment

    Jeanmarie B. Rey, Jeffrey R. Bevan, Helen Haskell

    Pelvic floor muscle training is more effective than control at achieving cure and improving symptoms and quality-of-life measures in women with all types of urinary incontinence.

    U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

    Screening for Skin Cancer: Clinical Summary of the USPSTF Recommendation

    The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of visual skin examination by a clinician to screen for skin cancer in adolescents and adults.

    FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

    Trigger Point Injection for Low Back Pain

    Charity Lehn, Christopher Chipman, Stephanie Augustine, Corey Lyon, Kristen DeSanto

    Trigger point injections with lidocaine or saline can be used for patients presenting to the emergency department with acute low back pain.

    FPIN's Help Desk Answers

    Does a Gluten-Free Diet Reduce Symptoms of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease?

    Anika Godhwani, Howard Lo, Claudia Ruiz

    There is no evidence that following a gluten-free diet reduces symptoms of autoimmune thyroid disease. However, following a gluten-free diet may decrease mean thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.

    Photo Quiz

    Large Skin Growth in a Middle-Aged Man

    Natalia Lapko, Tu Le

    A man presented with a pedunculated growth below on his back.

    A Newborn With Inconsolable Crying

    Shabih Manzar

    After delivery, an infant had inconsolable crying and intermittent tachypnea.

    STEPS

    Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

    Catherine B. Rebitch

    Tirzepatide is effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in adults. It provides a higher percentage of weight loss compared with similar agents, which may be attributed to its unique mechanism of action.

    Diagnostic Tests

    Phosphatidylethanol Test for Identifying Harmful Alcohol Consumption

    Elizabeth Williams, Jennifer G. Chang

    PEth testing should be used only when clinical uncertainty remains after employing other standard assessments to detect harmful alcohol consumption over the previous four weeks.

    POEMs

    No Benefit With Torsemide Over Furosemide for Posthospitalization Treatment of Heart Failure

    Nita Shrikant Kulkarni

    Semaglutide Once Weekly Helps Adolescents Lose Weight, but 4% Developed Acute Cholelithiasis

    Mark H. Ebell

    British Society of Gastroenterology Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Dyspepsia

    Mark H. Ebell

    Brief Behavior Therapy Improves Sleep in Older Adults With Chronic Insomnia

    Henry C. Barry

    Practice Guidelines

    Headache During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: ACOG Recommendations

    Michael J. Arnold

    The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) has published guidelines for the evaluation and management of headaches in pregnancy.

    Osteoporosis Treatment: Updated Guidelines From ACOG

    MaryAnn Dakkak, Maalika Banerjee, Lilian White

    The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) has published new recommendations for managing this undertreated condition, including guidance on new medications and targeted treatments.

    Information from Your Family Doctor

    Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

    Respiratory syncytial virus (RESS-per-uh-TOR-ee sin-SISH-uhl VIE-russ), or RSV, causes fever, stuffy or runny nose, sore throat, and cough. Your child is more likely to get RSV between October and May. Most of these infections are mild. Younger children are more likely to get...

    Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: How to Help Yourself

    Myalgic encephalomyelitis (my-AL-gic en-SEH-fuhlow-MY-uh-LIE-tus)/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic, severe, possibly disabling disorder. It can cause inflammatory, neurologic, immune, and metabolic problems that are not well understood.

    Stroke Prevention

    An injury to an area of the brain, usually caused by blood flow not getting to parts of the brain. Strokes cause loss of function of the affected part of the brain. This can make it hard to move an arm or a leg, or you may have trouble speaking. Each stroke you have can lead...

    Mpox: What You Need to Know

    Mpox (formerly monkeypox) is a viral infection that can cause fevers, tiredness, headaches, swollen lymph nodes, and rash. The virus was first seen in humans in 1970; it was found mostly in Central Africa. In 2022, a global outbreak began that included thousands of infections...



    Disclosure

    All editors in a position to control content for this activity, AFP journal, are required to disclose any relevant financial relationships. View disclosures.


    Tag Legend

    Legend

    CME Continuing Medical Education Credit
    POC Point-of-Care Resource
    FREE Free Access
    Alg Algorithm
    DDx Differential Diagnosis
    PtEd Patient Education