January 2025

Jaundice presents when impairment in bilirubin metabolism occurs. It is typically apparent when serum bilirubin levels are elevated and can indicate serious underlying disease of the liver or biliary tract; jaundice may occur because of intra- or extrahepatic pathology.

Challenges in early childhood can involve a range of normal to problematic behaviors. These behaviors, including sleep issues, thumb sucking, picky eating, school readiness, and oral heath, can affect quality of life if not addressed appropriately.

Numerous infectious and inflammatory conditions affecting the genitourinary tract and adjacent structures can cause dysuria in adults. A comprehensive history, careful physical examination, and appropriate testing are key to correct diagnosis and treatment.

Cardinal features of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis are unilateral facial pain or pressure, fever greater than 102°F, and purulent nasal discharge with obstruction of the nasal passages; antibiotics should be reserved for patients without improvement in symptoms after several…

Common high-risk conditions that cause sudden vision loss include acute angle-closure glaucoma, retinal detachment, retinal artery occlusion, giant cell arteritis, and optic neuritis.

Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms are common, occurring daily in approximately 40% of infants. Gastroesophageal reflux can progress to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and may lead to complications, such as esophagitis or esophageal stricture. This article reviews the…

American Family Physician (AFP) kicks off its 75th anniversary year.

This is a joint editorial written by multiple family medicine journal editors about the use of artificial intelligence in family medicine publications.

Using shared decision-making for PSA testing for prostate cancer screening is a flawed approach.

In June 2024, the FDA approved PCV21 (Capvaxive) for adults 18 years and older to prevent invasive pneumococcal disease.

Key clinical questions and their evidence-based answers directly from the journal’s content, written by and for family physicians.

The GOLD report recommends considering inhaled corticosteroid therapy added to a LABA in patients with moderate to severe COPD. Triple therapy is considered, but the GOLD report noted limited available information.

Physicians may encounter situations that challenge the boundaries between themselves and their patients. These challenges can lead to instances or allegations of patient exploitation that can result in serious legal and professional consequences for the physician.

Psychosocial interventions may increase the rate of sustained alcohol cessation during pregnancy. However, they may have little to no effect on the number of drinks consumed per day or treatment retention.

Use of ACE inhibitor or ARB therapy reduces progression to end-stage kidney disease in patients with diabetic kidney disease. Neither ACE inhibitor nor ARB therapy has been associated with reduced all-cause or cardiovascular mortality compared with placebo in patients with…

Use of antioxidant vitamin or zinc supplements may delay progression of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) compared with placebo. The addition of docosahexaenoic acid, lutein, zeaxanthin, resveratrol, and hydroxytyrosol to the supplements used in the original Age-Related…

Nonoperative treatment with antibiotics for uncomplicated acute appendicitis in children is an option but leads to higher numbers of hospital readmissions and subsequent surgeries. The nonoperative approach has a treatment failure rate of approximately 20%, with most occurring…

A 71-year-old woman presented with a skin lesion on her right cheek.

A 3-month-old boy presented with a circular rash.

This PPIP quiz is based on the recommendations of the USPSTF.

The USPSTF recommends screening for hypertensive disorders in pregnant persons with blood pressure measurements throughout pregnancy.

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Gepirone produces minimal reductions in symptoms compared with placebo. Adverse effects are common, and baseline testing is required before starting treatment with gepirone. Given these issues and the high cost of the medication, its use should be limited.

The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons has published guidelines for management of hip osteoarthritis.

The Society of Critical Care Medicine developed guidelines to optimize rapid sequence intubation.

Reply: Elisabeth Poorman, Brianna M. McQuade, Sarah Messmer

Reply: Sandy Robertson, Emily E. Peacock, Robert Scott

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