• Topic

    Diabetes: Type 2

    This collection features the best content from AFP, as identified by the AFP editors, on type 2 diabetes and related issues, including blood glucose levels, diabetic complications (such as ketoacidosis and neuropathy), glycemic control, insulin management, and gestational diabetes. New research may affect the interpretation and application of this material. Clinical judgment is advised. Note that AFP content published within the past two years is accessible to AAFP members and paid subscribers only.
    Categories

    Screening and Diagnosis

    Editorials and Letters

    Complications and Special Situations

    Treatment

    Prevention

    Patient Education, Self-Care

    Improving Practice

    Screening and Diagnosis
    Jan 15, 2023 — Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents [Putting Prevention Into Practice]
    Jan 15, 2023 — Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents [U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]
    Jan 15, 2022 — Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes [U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]
    Jan 15, 2022 — Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [Putting Prevention Into Practice]
    Dec 15, 2021 — Prediabetes Diagnosis: Helpful or Harmful? [Lown Right Care]
    Mar 01, 2020 — IDx-DR for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening [Diagnostic Tests]
    Jan 15, 2016 — Diabetes Mellitus: Screening and Diagnosis
    Dec 01, 2014 — Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Recommendation Statement [U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]
    Editorials and Letters
    Mar 15, 2024 — Should Metformin Continue as First-Line Pharmacotherapy for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes? No: Other Drugs Have Stronger Evidence of Benefit [Editorials: Controversies in Family Medicine]   FREE
    Mar 15, 2024 — Should Metformin Continue as First-Line Pharmacotherapy for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes? Yes: Metformin Is Still the Best Choice [Editorials: Controversies in Family Medicine]   FREE
    Aug 15, 2023 — Dietary Remission of Type 2 Diabetes: Opportunities for Family Physicians [Editorials]   FREE
    Jan 15, 2022 — Determining When to Recommend Glucose-Lowering Drugs That Reduce Cardiovascular Risk [Editorials]
    Mar 01, 2021 — Enhancing Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support in Clinical Practice [Editorials]
    Jun 01, 2020 — Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Type 2 Diabetes Is Not Ready for Widespread Adoption [Editorials]
    Apr 01, 2019 — Understanding the High Cost of Insulin: What Family Physicians Can Do to Help Our Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [Editorials]
    Jul 01, 2015 — Type 2 Diabetes: Updated Evidence Requires Updated Decision Making [Editorials]
    Sep 15, 2014 — Rosiglitazone, Medical Reversal, and Back to Basics for Diabetes [Editorials]
    Feb 15, 2014 — “Lending a Hand” to Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Simple Way to Communicate Treatment Goals [Editorials]
    Complications and Special Situations
    Jun 15, 2025 — Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes-Related Foot Infections: Guidelines From the IWGDF/IDSA [Practice Guidelines]   CME
    Nov 15, 2024 — Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Evaluation and Treatment   CME   Alg   DDx
    Aug 15, 2024 — Intensive Perioperative Glycemic Control in People With Diabetes Mellitus [Medicine by the Numbers]
    Aug 15, 2024 — Blood Pressure Control for Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy [Cochrane for Clinicians]   CME
    Mar 15, 2024 — Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Prevention and Treatment   CME
    Sep 15, 2023 — Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Update on Screening, Diagnosis, and Management   CME   Alg
    Feb 15, 2022 — Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young: Rapid Evidence Review   Alg   PtEd
    Oct 15, 2021 — Diabetes-Related Foot Infections: Diagnosis and Treatment   PtEd
    Jun 01, 2021 — Preoperative A1C Threshold in Patients with Diabetes [FPIN's Clinical Inquiries]
    Jun 01, 2021 — Chronic Kidney Disease in Diabetes: Guidelines from KDIGO [Practice Guidelines]
    Jun 15, 2019 — Diabetic Kidney Disease: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention   DDx
    Nov 01, 2018 — Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Children   PtEd
    Dec 01, 2017 — Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State   Alg
    Dec 15, 2016 — Diabetes Mellitus: Management of Gastrointestinal Complications   Alg
    Apr 15, 2013 — Metformin Use in Adolescents [FPIN's Clinical Inquiries]
    Treatment
    May 15, 2025 — Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors for People With Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes [Cochrane for Clinicians]   CME
    Jan 15, 2025 — ACE Inhibitor or ARB Therapy Can Prevent Diabetic Kidney Disease Progression [Cochrane for Clinicians]   CME
    Dec 15, 2024 — SGLT-2 Inhibitors for Individuals With Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease [Medicine by the Numbers]
    Apr 15, 2024 — Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Noninsulin Pharmacotherapy   CME   Alg
    Mar 15, 2023 — Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Patients With Non–Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus [Curbside Consultation]
    Jan 15, 2023 — Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Updated Consensus Statement From the ACSM [Practice Guidelines]
    Jul 15, 2022 — DPP-4 Inhibitors, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, and SGLT-2 Inhibitors for People With Cardiovascular Disease [Cochrane for Clinicians]
    Jun 15, 2022 — SGLT-2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 2 Diabetes: BMJ Rapid Recommendation [Practice Guidelines]   Alg
    Apr 15, 2022 — Patient Education Interventions Improve A1C Values [FPIN's Clinical Inquiries]
    Mar 15, 2022 — Telemedicine in Diabetes Care   Alg
    Jun 01, 2021 — Flash Continuous Glucose Monitoring (FreeStyle Libre 14-Day System) for Self-Management of Diabetes Mellitus [Diagnostic Tests]
    Feb 15, 2019 — Type 2 Diabetes Therapies: A STEPS Approach
    Nov 01, 2018 — Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: ACP Releases Updated Guidance Statement on A1C Targets for Pharmacologic Glycemic Control [Practice Guidelines]
    Aug 01, 2018 — Diabetes: ADA Releases Revised Position Statement on Standards of Medical Care [Practice Guidelines]
    Jan 01, 2018 — Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Outpatient Insulin Management   Alg   Tool
    Nov 15, 2017 — Glucose Management in Hospitalized Patients   Alg
    Oct 01, 2017 — Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: ACP Releases Updated Recommendations for Oral Pharmacologic Treatment [Practice Guidelines]   Tool
    Sep 15, 2017 — Diabetes Self-Management: Facilitating Lifestyle Change   PtEd
    Jun 01, 2015 — Tight Glycemic Control for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Over Five Years) [Medicine by the Numbers]
    Apr 15, 2013 — Diabetes: Treating Hypertension [Clinical Evidence Handbook]
    May 01, 2012 — Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Not Using Insulin [Cochrane for Clinicians]
    Mar 15, 2012 — Medications for Weight Loss in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [FPIN's Clinical Inquiries]

    Specific Therapies

    Feb 15, 2025 — Alpha-Lipoic Acid for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy [Medicine by the Numbers]
    Sep 15, 2023 — Finerenone (Kerendia) for the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    Jul 15, 2023 — Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    Jul 15, 2019 — Semaglutide (Ozempic) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    Oct 15, 2017 — Dulaglutide (Trulicity) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    Aug 15, 2017 — Lixisenatide (Adlyxin) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    Apr 15, 2017 — Albiglutide (Tanzeum) for Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    Dec 15, 2016 — Empagliflozin (Jardiance) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    Jun 15, 2015 — Dapagliflozin (Farxiga) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    May 15, 2013 — Bromocriptine Mesylate (Cycloset) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    Dec 15, 2012 — Linagliptin (Tradjenta) for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    Nov 01, 2010 — Does Metformin Increase the Risk of Fatal or Nonfatal Lactic Acidosis? [Cochrane for Clinicians]
    Jun 15, 2010 — Saxagliptin (Onglyza) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [STEPS]
    Prevention
    Jul 15, 2025 — Metformin to Decrease Mortality in Patients With Prediabetes [FPIN's Help Desk Answers]
    Apr 15, 2023 — Metformin vs. Lifestyle Changes for Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [FPIN's Clinical Inquiries]
    Apr 15, 2022 — Prevention or Delay of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Recommendations From the American Diabetes Association [Practice Guidelines]
    Aug 15, 2021 — Can Pioglitazone Prevent or Delay Type 2 Diabetes in Patients with Prediabetes? [Cochrane for Clinicians]
    Nov 01, 2020 — Metformin to Prevent Diabetes in Patients at Increased Risk [Cochrane for Clinicians]
    Dec 01, 2018 — Preventing or Delaying Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Diet and Exercise [Cochrane for Clinicians]
    Apr 01, 2018 — DPP-4 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Prevention or Delay of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Complications [Cochrane for Clinicians]
    Feb 01, 2016 — Preventing CVD in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Update from the AHA and ADA [Practice Guidelines]
    Patient Education, Self-Care
    Aug 01, 2016 — Nerve Pain in Diabetes [Information from Your Family Doctor]   PtEd
    Aug 01, 2013 — Preventing Diabetic Foot Infections [Information from Your Family Doctor]   PtEd
    Jul 01, 2009 — Gestational Diabetes and Nutrition [Information from Your Family Doctor]   PtEd
    Jan 01, 2009 — Lifestyle Changes to Manage Type 2 Diabetes [Information from Your Family Doctor]   PtEd
    Jun 15, 2008 — Gastroparesis: What You Should Know [Information from Your Family Doctor]   PtEd
    Improving Practice
    Jun 01, 2013 — Diabetes: Taking Control of My Health [Close-ups]
    Oct 01, 2011 — A Lifestyle That Enables Me to Control My Type 2 Diabetes [Close-ups]
    Feb 01, 2010 — Getting Motivated Is Difficult [Close-ups]

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